Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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1.
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From the perspective of the
cell receiving the message, the three stages of cell signaling are a. | the paracrine, local, and synaptic stages. | b. | signal reception, signal transduction, and cellular
response. | c. | signal reception, nucleus disintegration, and new cell
generation. | d. | the alpha, beta, and gamma stages. | e. | signal reception, cellular response, and cell division. | | |
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2.
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When a cell releases a signal
molecule into the environment and a number of cells in the immediate vicinity respond, this type of
signaling is a. | typical of hormones. | b. | autocrine signaling. | c. | paracrine
signaling. | d. | endocrine signaling. | e. | synaptic signaling. | | |
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3.
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A small molecule that
specifically binds to another molecule, usually a larger one a. | is called a signal transducer. | b. | is called a ligand. | c. | is called a
polymer. | d. | seldom is involved in hormonal signaling. | e. | usually terminates a signal reception. | | |
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4.
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Membrane receptors that attach
phosphates to specific amino acids in proteins are a. | not found in humans. | b. | called receptor
tyrosine-kinases. | c. | a class of GTP G-protein signal
receptors. | d. | associated with several bacterial diseases in
humans. | e. | important in yeast mating factors that contain amino
acids. | | |
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5.
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Which of the following is
not considered a second messenger? a. | cAMP | b. | GTP | c. | calcium ions | d. | diacylglycerol (DAG) | e. | inositol trisphosphate ( ) | | |
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6.
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A drug designed to inhibit the
response of cells to testosterone would almost certainly result in which of the
following? a. | lower cytoplasmic levels of cAMP | b. | an increase in receptor tyrosine kinase activity | c. | a decrease in transcriptional activity of certain genes | d. | an increase in cytosolic calcium concentration | e. | a decrease in G-protein activity | | |
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7.
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The response of a particular
cell to a signal depends on a. | its particular collection of signal
receptor proteins. | b. | its relay
proteins. | c. | the proteins needed to carry out the
response. | d. | A and B only | e. | A, B, and C | | |
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